As shown in the organizational chart above, ARL’s research program is organized around four component laboratories. These are the Advanced Technology Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Signal and Information Sciences Laboratory and the Space and Geophysics Laboratory. Each of the laboratories is led by a Director who reports to the Executive Director for ARL, who reports to the Vice President for Research at The University of Texas at Austin. A broad description of research programs is here. More detailed description of each lab is continued on the laboratory's pages.

In addition to the component laboratory directors, ARL has three directors who are responsible for support facilities and administrative services, a director for human resources & public relations, and a coordinator for the internal research & development program and the educational programs.